Rekonstruksi Daerah Istimewa Riau Berbasis Identitas Islam Melayu Dan Politik Otonomi dalam Perspektif Siyasah

Abstract

This study examines the prospect of recognizing Riau Province as a special region by synthesizing Constitutional Law and fiqh siyasah perspectives; the central problem is to what extent siyasah principles particularly al-‘adl (justice), al-maslahah (public welfare), and hisbah (moral-political oversight) can provide a normative basis for a constitutional, inclusive special-region design for Riau, grounded in its Islam-Malay identity and strategic economic contribution. The research employs a normative legal design combining doctrinal analysis of primary legal instruments (the 1945 Constitution, the Special Region Law for Yogyakarta, the Aceh Government Law, and Papua’s Special Autonomy Law) with a contextual approach that examines historical, cultural, and political dimensions; sources include primary legal texts, secondary literature, and archival materials, analyzed through descriptive-analytic and comparative methods to construct a conceptual reconstruction. Findings indicate that (1) siyasah principles offer an ethical legitimacy framework for special recognition when they ensure distributive justice, public welfare, and minority protections; (2) Riau’s Islam-Malay identity constitutes a compelling historical-cultural basis for special status if embedded within constitutional constraints; and (3) lessons from Bangsamoro and Catalonia underscore the necessity of inclusive institutional design and accountability mechanisms. Conclusion: granting Riau special status can become a just, integrative model of asymmetric democracy if grounded in maqasid al-shari‘ah and constitutional principles